Single-factor authentication, primarily using a username and password, is prevalent but vulnerable to breaches, prompting a shift towards two-factor authentication (2FA) for enhanced security. 2FA involves verifying identity through a second step, such as a one-time code sent via SMS or email, a PIN, or a code from an authenticator app, though each method has its strengths and weaknesses. SMS-based 2FA, while popular due to its ease of use and wide acceptance, faces security issues like SIM swapping and interception, as well as cost concerns from services like Twilio. An alternative, using Time-based One-time Passwords (TOTP) through an authenticator app, is more secure but requires a device with the app installed. To reduce the frequency and cost of SMS verifications, integrating browser fingerprinting can help by allowing users to bypass 2FA if their browser fingerprint matches a stored one, balancing security and user convenience. The tutorial demonstrates setting up a NodeJS application with Twilio Verify for SMS 2FA and FingerprintJS for browser fingerprinting, highlighting how this combination can enhance security while minimizing costs and improving the user experience.