Elasticsearch's attribute-based access control (ABAC) system enhances document security by using user-specific attributes to determine access permissions, leveraging the terms_set query and templated role query features in X-Pack. Unlike traditional role-based access control (RBAC), which assigns access through predefined roles, ABAC evaluates user attributes such as team membership or certifications against document attributes like sensitivity level. This method offers a more dynamic and scalable approach, allowing for complex access rules based on multiple conditions, such as security levels, program memberships, and compliance with training requirements. The integration of these features in Elasticsearch enables more granular control over document access, ensuring that users can only access data for which they meet all specified criteria.