Scripting is a specific form of coding that provides instructions to a computer, typically executed by another program at runtime, allowing for dynamic and responsive experiences, particularly in web development. Unlike compiled code, scripts are interpreted, making them ideal for tasks that require frequent updates, such as web pages that change based on user interaction or data retrieval. Common scripting languages include JavaScript, widely used for client-side web scripts; PHP, known for server-side scripting; Python, popular for various applications including data manipulation and web development; Perl, recognized for text manipulation and sysadmin tasks; and Ruby, favored for web development with the Ruby on Rails framework. The choice of scripting language depends on the project's specific needs, the existing technological ecosystem, and the experience of the development team.