The text discusses the advantages of PostgreSQL, a popular open-source relational database, highlighting its strict data type enforcement, extensiveness of data types, and suitability for various applications. It covers various data types such as boolean, character, integer, serial, decimal, time, UUID, JSON, and arrays, explaining their storage capabilities and use cases, especially in distributed systems. The text also introduces CockroachDB, a distributed SQL database compatible with PostgreSQL, which offers features like automated sharding, elastic scaling, and multi-active setup, making it ideal for cloud environments. Additionally, it touches on the ease of migrating from PostgreSQL to CockroachDB due to their compatibility, though some schema adjustments may be needed for optimal performance.