Docker's multi-stage builds, introduced in 2017, have become a crucial feature for creating efficient and secure Docker images by allowing separate build and runtime environments within a single Dockerfile, thus reducing image size and complexity. Focused on Golang applications, the tutorial demonstrates the implementation of multi-stage builds on CircleCI 2.1, utilizing Docker's BuildKit to optimize performance further. The guide includes practical examples of deploying a sample Golang project, configuring CircleCI with a Docker executor, and utilizing the machine executor for more control. It also provides steps to enable BuildKit, run unit tests, and manage workflows in the CircleCI environment. By integrating these practices, developers can enhance their CI/CD pipelines' efficiency, maintainability, and performance for Dockerized applications, with the complete source code available on GitHub.