Two months later: Internet use in Iran during the Mahsa Amini Protests

Protests began in Iran on September 16 following the death of Mahsa Amini, leading to civil unrest and an impact on internet usage within the country. The Iranian government introduced internet restrictions, including bans on Instagram and WhatsApp, but despite these efforts, internet use has surged since the beginning of the protests. This highlights the critical role the internet now plays in people's lives, even under authoritarian regimes. Since 2013, Iran has been working towards creating a National Infrastructure Network (NIN), aiming to recreate essential internet services within the country and control and monitor them domestically. However, despite this effort, internet access remains crucial for economic activity and everyday life in Iran.